I Suspect it would depend on the tint of the shellac, I do not believe it comes water-clear (Perhaps a food grade shellac such as they use on pill coatings?) I know you can get various tints of shellac flakes to mix your own cut , but the stuff you get at the local hardware store or building center (Bullseye Shellac will have wax, while their "Sanding Sealer" is de-waxed shellac) is the only stuff I have direct experience with, Used on clear maple it does add a very slight darkening tint to the wood, but I don't know about copper.
However if you were looking for a water clear glaze finish I might suggest a rattle can of what they call "Triple Thick" (I almost want to say it is from the company that makes Krylon spray paints? - but search triple thick spray finish on amazon will likely bring it up) it does dry fast and very clear and gives a high gloss finish, I do not think it would tarnish copper, but then again I never tried it on metals - it was just the finish coast on Jean's painted items (Wood signs, rock art, etc) which were done in Acrylic paints. It dries as fast as the spray lacquer but unlike the lacquer it didn't cause paint bleed.