Ok, I was kidding about the freezer, but I am not kidding now.
Get a 1/2 lb of dry ice and make some sort of donut with it and some newspaper or rag, and chill that whole chuck adaptor and spindle down for 10 minutes.
Then take a hair dryer and warm up the adaptor as quick as you can for say 30 seconds, and then try. The spindle should be still cold and the adaptor warm(er) and it should come loose.
In the future, make a washer out of a milk container or tupperware and put it between the chuck and the part of the spindle that it bottoms on, and that should prevent this problem.
You can buy these washers, but home made is just as good.