• January Turning Challenge: Thin-Stemmed Something! (click here for details)
  • Conversations are now Direct Messages (click here for details)
  • Congratulations to Scott Gordon for "Orb Ligneus" being selected as Turning of the Week for January 20, 2025 (click here for details)
  • Welcome new registering member. Your username must be your real First and Last name (for example: John Doe). "Screen names" and "handles" are not allowed and your registration will be deleted if you don't use your real name. Also, do not use all caps nor all lower case.

Sanding inside of bowls

Joined
Feb 17, 2012
Messages
20
Likes
0
Location
West Allis, Wi
I am not getting the same results on the inside of bowls as the outside. Swirl marks do not seem to go away.
I would like to hear from others as how to get a quality sanding finish on the inside of bowls.
I usually go 60 to 320 grit using a foam hook and loop.
Thank,
Jeff
 
I use a standard Dewalt hand drill with mandrels that I got from http://vinceswoodnwonders.com/store/. I also use his sandpaper. I sand the inside with the bowl running fairly slow and light pressure with the drill. When I think I have it right I make one more pass with extremely light pressure with that grit.
then I either wipe it out with a rag or blow it out with the compressor between each grit. If it looks like I'm having trouble getting some lines out I will stop the bowl and sand that area by itself blending it into surrounding areas. If the problem really persists I will hand sand in the direction of the grain.
I work my way up through the grits like that. Once I get into the higher grits if I still see a line or two I will go back down to whatever grit I think it needs to get rid of it and hand sand this area again working up through the grits.
 
The swirl marks are from not getting out the scratches from the previous grit before going up again. I never blow out my bowls as it sends too much dust into the air. I do wipe them out by hand. What this does is to rub the fine dust into the under laying scratches, and yes, you have to look closely. When I first started power sanding, I would alternate with hand sanding as it left a different scratch pattern that would show if I left circular ones underneath. Having excellent lighting is a huge factor in seeing the scratches. I do not like to use anything coarser than 80 grit, and prefer to start with 120 whenever possible. Main reason is that the 80 grit scratches are as difficult to sand out as some tool marks. 60 grit is for major stock removal, and if it is that bad, you probably need some help with your cutting technique: sharpness, presenting the edge to the wood, and tool control so the surface isn't like a washboard. I use Blue Max lights, and another similar brand is Ott lights. If you know any hand quilters or needle point sewers, they all know about this type of light. Closer to natural spectrum, which our eyes have evolved to see in. Ever notice how when you take a bowl out into direct sun light all the things you see that you couldn't see when it was inside? Good glasses are essential as well. Big difference in prescription vs 'cheap reading glasses'. I also use Vince's blue discs, and am a fan of slow drill speeds and slow lathe speeds. It just seems to cut better.

robo hippy
 
I am not getting the same results on the inside of bowls as the outside. Swirl marks do not seem to go away.
I would like to hear from others as how to get a quality sanding finish on the inside of bowls.
I usually go 60 to 320 grit using a foam hook and loop.
Thank,
Jeff

I am assuming that you use intermediate grits and not a direct leap from 60 to 320. Starting at 60 grit seems to be really extreme. Maybe you need to also work on your turning technique as part of addressing this problem if you need to start with 60 grit.

You didn't say what you are sanding with which makes answering the question more difficult since foam H&L doesn't tell others much. If the pad is large diameter or the foam stiff or too thin or if the bowl is flat bottomed with steep sides, I see potential problems with power sanding for any of those situations.

Don't skip too many grits. Since you're having this problem with sanding swirls, don't skip any grits for the time being. At the max, I would suggest not skipping more than one grit. Otherwise, you may find that to remove scratches requires an inordinate amount of time. I am not a fan of power sanding, but that is not the issue here. I second what the hippy says about removing all of the scratches of the previous grit before moving up to a finer grit. Also, as John Lucas says, use light sanding pressure. If you are running the lathe while sanding keep the speed slow. I generally keep the speed below 200 RPM if sanding on the lathe, but for the most pat, I hand sand the piece with it off the lathe. It is good arm exercise as long as you do not overdo it and get a repetitive motion injury.
 
Don't press.

Soft backing and inside curves cause a lot of squirm to augment the normal friction of sanding, and that can heat and case-harden a surface. Looks slick but with visible scratches. If that's your problem, you'll want to break the case-hardening with a water wipe, allow to dry, then resand with the grit that failed.

So don't press.

I sand with power on the work. Other folks suggest lower rpm, but I use 680, same as what I cut with. Sander rotates at 1725, because I use an induction motor. So you certainly couldn't prove by me, nor people who use pneumatic sanders at several thousand rpm that there's an issue dealing purely with rotation. Where you might have difficulty is trying to steady the disk on the work to resist rotation force. That might cause you to put a little more of your force into the direction of rotation, increasing the friction. That causes squirm, knocks grit off the backing, and the gritless spots develop more friction, while the freed chunks make weird scratches.

So don't press.

I like my flex shaft rather than a heavy drill, because I can sand with the work rotating, and support the handpiece on the toolrest as if it were a regular turning tool. I can then do the rotary paper equivalent of a shear scrape, with hardly enough pressure to kick any dust. Doesn't seem to take me any more time than other folks, but I do start at 150, about halfway through your sequence.

I just don't press.
 
60 is going to put some really deep scratches in the wood. That's big grit, so big scratches. Take some light finishing cuts with the gouge before starting to sand. I usually start with 120.
 
Whether sanding inside or outside, CLEAN YOUR GLASSES! It is amazing what clean lenses can do to show up the scratches. Also, a quick squirt of mineral spirits will reveal all those pesky left over scratch marks left from previous grits. Never go up in grits any more than 50% of the grit you just used. If you start with 60, then the next grit in line is 80, since there is no 90. After 80, its 120, then 180, then 220 or 240, then 320, 400, etc.

Slow the speed down, use a lighter touch. If you can't stand a quick blast of compressed air between grits , try cutting a the bristles of a cheapo paint brush (2-4 inches wide) back. Then use the shortened bristles to remove the sanding debris while the lathe is turning at its lowest speed. Also, if you can reverse the rotation of your lathe, you might try reverse sanding between each grit.

Most important rule of sanding:

Use your sandpaper as if someone else was paying for it. In other words, don't try to scrimp on sandpaper by using it beyind when it cuts well. Sandpaper is just another expendable tool. Using worn out sandpaper is false economy as you WILL pay for it later on with increased amounts of labor to get sanding scratches out.

So, to recap:

Clean glasses
Good lighting
Mineral spirits
Fresh Sandpaper
Light touch
Slow speed
Clean the sanding dust between grits
reverse sand between grits

Seems like a lot of work, but as I was taught, you can improve an average piece with an excellent finish or you can ruin an excellent piece with a poor finish. Your choice.
 
I have never understood the use of mineral spirits, but I guess that goes along with solvent based finished as well. I just don't like putting anything on my bowls that would not be safe to eat right out of the can. Doesn't matter that it is all 'supposed' to 'evaporate' away, and leave only 'inert' materials. Just don't like it.

robo hippy
 
I have never understood the use of mineral spirits, but I guess that goes along with solvent based finished as well. I just don't like putting anything on my bowls that would not be safe to eat right out of the can. Doesn't matter that it is all 'supposed' to 'evaporate' away, and leave only 'inert' materials. Just don't like it.

Water bulks the grain up. Non polar solvents like mineral spirits do not. Thus you get a brief look at a shiny surface which might show an isolated scratch, where a water wipe would simply show a matte surface with lots of scatter. It would be better to get a more persistent material like oil to reveal scratches, but that's the road to stuffed pores and dull wood.

Not something I regularly do, because I see little worth in it. But it persists as sanding folklore, just like the don't "skip" grits business, and the idea that reversing rotation of the piece does anything that sanding with a different part of the disk wouldn't.

Mineral spirits leave no "inert" materials behind, because they contain no non-volatile solutes. It would probably scare you to death to realize what they use in processing plants to clean and sanitize equipment. Makes MS look tame.
 
.... Mineral spirits leave no "inert" materials behind, because they contain no non-volatile solutes.

It would be nice, but nothing is ever absolutely pure. MSDS sheets show that just about every manufacturers recipe for mineral spirits is slightly different. In addition to the main ingredient, Stoddard solvent (which also is known by a long list of other names), various brands are likely to have some combination of heavy hydrodesulfurized naphtha and/or heavy hydrotreated naphtha. Most of the MSDS sheets also listed Pseudocumene (1, 2, 4-Trimethylbenzene). Some of these are semi VOC's, but I presume eventually evaporate. The thing about all of these various chemicals is that none of them come in an absolutely pure form if you want to consider trace amounts of other ingredients. Some of the other ingredients are more than just trace amounts. Most of these other ingredients are residuals from production of the primary ingredients and most are also VOC's, but some like zinc phosphate and various fatty acids are not. So, if you search hard enough, you will come across a few residial molecules after everything else has evaporated.
 
...............
Not something I regularly do, because I see little worth in it. But it persists as sanding folklore, just like the don't "skip" grits business, and the idea that reversing rotation of the piece does anything that sanding with a different part of the disk wouldn't........

So let's summarize:

1. There is really such a thing as "sanding folklore"
2. Skipping grits is OK (don't see why we couldn't just start with 600, cheaper and easier, as we wouldn't need to remove those 100 grit scratches since they wouldn't be there)
3. reversing rotation does nothing

Correct?
 
So let's summarize:

1. There is really such a thing as "sanding folklore"
2. Skipping grits is OK (don't see why we couldn't just start with 600, cheaper and easier, as we wouldn't need to remove those 100 grit scratches since they wouldn't be there)
3. reversing rotation does nothing

Correct?

1. Absolutely. Starts with the rpm=heat and goes downhill from there. If Joe Famous said it ....
2. Sure. Not a big difference between 180, 220 and 240. Feel free to skip any two of them in favor of the third. Folks who use one rating system and transition to another sometimes end up using the same grit with a different number rather than "skip". How silly is that? I'll accept your remark as an ad hominem and assume you choose your initial grit based on the surface left by the tool like the rest of us. Just make sure the surface is uniform before taking up the next grade. I do 150, 220/240(depending on supplier) and CAMI 320/FEPA400 (they're the same) then by hand. I haven't the money, the storage, nor the need to keep all the other grits produced.
3. Well, it reverses the rotation of the work. If you're power sanding with a disk, you can get all angles of attack from the disk, without reversing anything. Simply vary the point of contact on the disk. It's a real advantage to be able to vary, because you can begin across any gouge ridging and reduce it rapidly -12:00 or 6:00- then make arcs basically aligned with the rotation by using 9:00 or 3:00. A perceptive individual will quickly note that the basic attack direction is reversed in the pairs given.

Truth is, even you knew that, right?
 
.....I'll accept your remark as an ad hominem......

no, nothing personal, I just think you're mistaken. I'm sure you've been wrong before, like all of us, and it's OK.......

Truth is, even you knew that, right?

I did not, but I don't know everything.
 
So let's summarize:

1. There is really such a thing as "sanding folklore"
2. Skipping grits is OK (don't see why we couldn't just start with 600, cheaper and easier, as we wouldn't need to remove those 100 grit scratches since they wouldn't be there)
3. reversing rotation does nothing

Correct?

I think you are catching on, Richard........😀

The thing to remember about MM, and Bill for that matter.......is that they don't seem to understand the concept that results are the ONE AND ONLY thing that really matters. They have a lack of understanding that other turners can, and do reach the desired results in a fashion that suits them because of their individual differing techniques.

Call it what you will, but the mentality is the "teacher/student" sort of thing...... Of those of us who have some "stick time" on the lathe, there is a lot of disagreement........but, again, the ONE AND ONLY thing that matters is RESULTS. It should be understood there are those who post here who give loads of advice, but don't show you their results at all......or, any recent results. (This is an internet forum thing......where the real physical world takes on less significance than words and concepts do.) If we were talking about a football game, we'd call these people "arm-chair quarterbacks"!

Everyone here, which includes MM and Bill, have something to offer the rest of us turners. We MUST learn to pick and choose advice which will apply, and to do some "hands on" testing of theories brought forth by others here. Not everything is going to be helpful for our own "journey", but there have been many times when forum participants have managed to make me think.....evaluate......test......and apply newly acquired knowledge.......as it relates to my concept of where I want to take it. I have changed, because I am not here to leverage myself into the "forum pecking order" as "the knowledgeable one". I have come here to improve my own efforts at the lathe......and, I have done exactly that! If I can help a few others to make some sense of turning, that's great.....but, the bottom line is I understand what works for me, may not be what works for others......

Now.......if you want to participate in arguing the point, that's what you will get with MM, and a few others. At some point, I.....as well as others, need to understand that we will NOT ever have the last word in exchanges with certain people. Say your piece, and exchange thoughts a few times, but let it stand on it's own merits. Most of us (at this stage of our lives) understand that not having the last word doesn't mean your thoughts don't stand up to honest contemplation, evaluation and testing. The others will just have to figure it out! 😉

ooc

=========================================================


If Joe Famous said it ....

I find this to be a very PROFOUND statement by MM. There is a lot of hero worshiping going on in the turning community. I suppose this is what feeds the "herd". All of the famous turners got to where they are because they deserved some recognition.......but, these people put their pants on just like the rest of us do. They definitely have ideas and knowledge that others can use......but, again, we MUST learn what information can, and cannot apply to our own ideas/concepts of just where we want to steer our own course......

........that is, if you want your turnings to be distinctly yours.....and, not of the herd. :cool2:

ooc


==========================================================


Getting back to the original point:
I am not getting the same results on the inside of bowls as the outside. Swirl marks do not seem to go away.
I would like to hear from others as how to get a quality sanding finish on the inside of bowls.
I usually go 60 to 320 grit using a foam hook and loop.
Thank,
Jeff

Jeff......As Bill pointed out, the information you are giving us leaves a lot for speculation of what your problems are. I do have some thoughts on this that may help, and I think you are having difficulty with the finer grits just prior to applying a finish......(not, a matter of eliminating scratching left by previous grits.)

There are a couple of methods I use to deal with these things, and you may want to do some testing. If you have a random orbital sander, it can be used at the final grit you use with regular sandpaper. I usually stop at either 400 or 600 final sanding by hand (lathe spinning at around 300rpm), and then do the same grit with a random orbital sander with lathe spinning at very slow rpm.....around 25rpm, or so. Sometimes this can be done with the workpiece being turned on the lathe with power off. In many cases, the results can be very close to "perfection". (I have a Grex 2" random orbital sander for this.)

Sometimes, I do not realize there are still swirl marks remaining, until after the bowl is removed from the lathe, and finish is applied. This is usually my fault, because if I had been more observant, I would have seen the minute swirl marks in the first place! At the point where the finish is already applied, and while the finish is still wet, I can still take care of the problem by "wet sanding" with 0000 steel wool. This can be done by hand, but I have a special jig that holds a wad of steel wool on a powerlock mandrel. This is much faster, but needs to be done at a very slow rpm on your drill. I use Danish oil on my bowls, so take this into advisement.......some finishes may not work as well with this technique.........

I think someone else mentioned lighting in this thread, and it's an important point. I have 4' shop fluorescent lights suspended a couple feet above my head level and directly over the lathe headstock......, and two incandescent positionable lamps on the lathe headstock. My particular set-up may not be optimum for everyone, but what I do think is important is to have a "sweep" of at least two light sources on your workpiece. The two (or more) directions of lighting is that which makes flaws show up better.



ooc
 
Last edited:
... Starts with the rpm=heat and goes downhill from there......

Dang! There goes all my foolish ideas about friction right out the window. 🙂

.... is that they don't seem to understand the concept that results are the ONE AND ONLY thing that really matters.

Well, of course I do, but I am not going to admit it ... and, I don't even want to know how you put your pants on. 😀

... Most of us (at this stage of our lives) understand that not having the last word doesn't mean your thoughts don't stand up ...

... especially, if you are married. 😉 The key words would be, "not having the last word".

..... I do think is important is to have a "sweep" of at least two light sources on your workpiece. The two (or more) directions of lighting is that which makes flaws show up better.

Also, move both the piece and yourself so that there are different incident angles that the light is hitting the piece and different angles that it is being viewed relative to the light source. In other words, the more you look, the more likely you are to find what you are looking for.
 
I did not, but I don't know everything.

Who does? Some just study more and gain understanding through it. Some are mentally lazy, and just keep repeating what they heard somewhere. Neither should spend time in ad hominem disparagement, or telling others they're wrong, when they have no data to bring to the discussion.

Consider the repetition of "don't press." If you press, you do do a number of bad things. You generate more friction to be converted to heat, you cut to maximum depth with the grit in use instead of going maybe half deep with the slightest kiss, and you flex the rubber backing, which produces more heat, loosens the grit when the paper bunches, often releasing it to go rogue, where it sometimes digs more than full depth. If I were outcome-based as some claim to be, I would merely say that I get good results using power-lock disks with hard backs. By implication, there's no other way, right? Which is why I concentrate on science. It's true no matter what, and if you use the knowledge, you can use any disk size, rpm or backing in a manner calculated to give you best outcome. In the case of the hard back, I don't have flex, fold or grit toss. Already ahead of the game in three ways, even before I put the supported sander to work so I don't have to press.

BTW, Bill's pulling our legs. He knows that friction is independent of velocity. Here's one place you may confirm that as well. http://www.codecogs.com/reference/engineering/mechanics/laws_of_friction.php Then, next time you're sanding with the work rotating normally, see if there's any difference in drag between cutting at 9:00 on the clockwise disk where combined velocity is the greatest, or 12:00/6:00 where it's the least. Or out on the rim where things move right along versus an inch from center. One of those things you knew before you knew why.
 
Back
Top