Allen, I am going to assume you have a hollow head-stock
You need to bring the vacuum through the head-stock, that can be done with a 3/8 npt pipe, like used for making lamps. You need a valve and bleed assembly on the vacuum pump end and a good seal on the other end.
The tricky bit is something needs to rotate, while holding a good seal. I used a Holdfast adapter (available at Craft Supplies and Packard, among probably others)
The chuck can be easy. A face plate screwed to a goodly chunk of MDF. Drill a hole in the center of the MDF, Cut a grove in the MDF, sized to hold either a 3 inch or 4 inch waste (plumbing waste) coupler. Glue this in place. Glue a gasset like "foam" on the outside edge of the coupler (like bits of a mouse pad)
Hope this is some help (there are some great books and web-sites that explain this much better then I did)
TTFN
Ralph